Americans Have Been Overdosed On Fluoride In Drinking Water

Fluoride, also known as sodium fluoride, is a derivative of salt. It’s known that fluoride helps to strengthen the teeth. Fluoride is a natural element found in the environment.

Though beneficial at a low dose, prolonged exposure and consumption can lead to serious health problems. Ingestion of fluoride, at least 100 mg for a 50 kg individual, can cause gastrointestinal disturbances.

True, fluoride is helpful for dental health, yet excessive consumption can interfere with bone formation. Children and pregnant women are commonly affected.

Fluoride is naturally found in groundwater. Although synthetic fluorides are chemically produced and incorporated into products such as toothpaste to help strengthen and whiten teeth, waste materials from these products, originating from specific industries, can leach into the soil and contaminate the public water supply.

Some countries that rely on groundwater for drinking water are severely affected because groundwater naturally contains fluoride.

The Lethality of Fluoride in the Body

The World Health Organization recommends that the therapeutic level of fluoride for optimal dental health be between 0.5 and 1.0 mg/L (milligrams per liter), depending on the climate. The recommended maximum amount of fluoride in water should be between 0.7 and 1.2 mg/L.

Fluoridation was added to the public water system to ensure that the community receives an adequate level of fluoride, which supports tooth and bone formation.

Though fluoride is excreted mainly through urine and feces, it isn’t advisable to take larger doses. Fluoride is usually the product of dissolved granite rocks that seep through the soil and combine with water. Fluoride toxicity is noticeable due to excessive bone formation in the affected individual, especially in children.

Water Fluoridation

Similar to other countries, water fluoridation in America is a controversial issue. As of May 2000, 42 of the cities in America had water fluoridation. The first city to fluoridate was Grand Rapids, Michigan, in January 1945, as part of an effort to prevent tooth decay within its community.

In 1951, the US Public Health Service made it an official policy to fluoridate the public water system. By the 1960s, it had become widely used, reaching approximately 50 million people. By 2012, 67.1% of the American population consumed water from community water systems with fluoride within or above the recommended levels.

History

Water fluoridation in America's communities is partly due to research spearheaded by Dr. Frederick McKay. He ignited the community's curiosity and started investigating the ‘Colorado Brown Stain.’ This is known as Dental Fluorosis, characterized by pitting and cracking of the teeth.

In 1909, Dr. McKay examined 2,945 children from the Pikes Peak region. He discovered this is due to poor nutrition, radium exposure, and calcium deficiency in the water.

Meanwhile, researchers at the Aluminum Company of America (ALCOA) attributed the Colorado stain to a high concentration of fluoride ions in the water. The Pikes Peak region contains cryolite, which is fluoride. Dissolved fluoride enters the water system during heavy rainfall or snowfall.

In the next few years, experts determined the safe level of fluoride that must be added to water supplies. The research aims to warn areas with high fluoride concentrations. Additionally, it targets communities with low fluoride levels to add more fluoride to the water, thereby helping to prevent tooth decay.

Court Case

Fluoridation is a common subject of court cases in which individuals sue various municipalities. The plaintiffs say compulsory water fluoridation infringes on their due process and medical treatment rights.

Many people have sued authorities for illnesses they think are caused by fluoridation. In most cases, the courts held that there is no causal relationship between water fluoridation and health problems.

No federal or state court has found water fluoridation to be unlawful. More often, the courts held in favor of the cities or municipalities.

The Controversy

Supporters of pro-fluoridation believe that the treatment is effective and safe, even for children. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American Dental Association endorse it.

On the other hand, the critics argue that it is unethical because it does not obtain individual consent. Many people are unaware of it. For them, fluoridation is unnecessary, as toothpaste is readily available for purchase.

Is Fluoride Bad For The Body?

Fluoride is toxic at various concentrations. In 2006, the National Research Council, supported by the Environmental Protection Agency, found that the upper limit for fluoride is at four ppm. However, it was too high for kids. Thus, they can develop severe dental fluorosis. The EPA recommends lowering the ppm level.

Meanwhile, the CDC considers 1 ppm of fluoride safe and effective when added to water.

However, here are some of the health risks that overexposure to fluoride poses:

Health Risks

Dental Fluorosis

The authorities recommend that the fluoride content be limited to 0.7 ppm. A concentration above 4.0 ppm can be hazardous.

Children exposed to high fluoride concentrations during the developmental stage of childhood can develop mild dental fluorosis, which occurs when little white streaks begin to form in the enamel of the teeth. Although dental fluorosis may not affect tooth health, it can cause significant discoloration. Furthermore, the staining is noticeable.

Skeletal Fluorosis

Apart from dental fluorosis, overexposure to fluoride can cause skeletal fluorosis. This is where the bones and joints become very painful, which can occur over time.

The bones may become less elastic and harden, increasing the risk of fractures. If bone tissue accumulates and thickens, it can impair joint mobility.

Thyroid Problems

Excessive fluoride levels can damage the parathyroid glands, leading to hyperparathyroidism and uncontrolled secretion of parathyroid hormone.

If fluoride is ingested in large amounts, it can deplete bone structures, making people more susceptible to fractures. It can also cause elevated blood calcium concentrations.

Neurological Problems

A study published in 2017 shows that overexposure to fluoride before birth can cause poor cognitive problems as the child develops.

The study was done on 299 pregnant women. They have monitored the women during pregnancy and as they give birth to their children. The study also observed children aged 6-12.

They tested the children's cognitive ability at ages 4, 6, and 12. Higher fluoride levels are associated with lower IQ scores.

Furthermore, in 2014, fluoride was documented as a neurotoxin. It is hazardous to a child's development and contains various industrial chemicals, including arsenic, lead, methylmercury, and toluene. As such, parents must avoid products containing these substances.

Meanwhile, here are a few of the affected organs in the body when excessive fluoride consumption happens:

Fluoride In Body Parts

Brain - prolonged and high levels of fluoride exposure can affect children's neurodevelopment. When ingested by a pregnant woman, it can gravely affect the baby so that it interferes with the physical and psychological development of the infant.
Bones - associated with hip and wrist fractures, toxic levels of fluoride can cause bone weakening.
Kidney - due to fluoride-containing drugs, fluoride-induced nephrotoxicity occurs. The most susceptible individuals are those who have impaired kidney function. Since elimination depends on glomerular filtration rate, greater damage increases the risk.
Teeth—Yes, teeth are affected when excessive fluoride is ingested. Medically known as dental fluorosis, it appears as opaque white patches on the enamel of the teeth.

Fluoride Contamination in Drinking Water

Water is also contaminated with fluoride from human chemical waste products, which can also occur naturally in the environment.

Since fluoride also contaminates public water supplies by seeping through the soil, they will be endangered by fluoride exposure and toxicity, especially pregnant women and children, once it goes to the consumer's home.

The United States is one of the world's largest consumers of fluoride. Americans are gravely exposed to fluoride that is naturally found in the environment and some fluoride-based products. Americans primarily consume toothpaste and fluoride-based drugs to maintain oral health and support daily functions.

Most Americans aren’t aware that they have been exposed to large amounts of fluoride. Consuming fluoride-rich water, using fluoride-formulated toothpaste, and taking fluoride-based drugs can cause health problems. How can you prevent fluoride toxicity, then?

Prevention is Always Better than the Cure

Preventing fluoride toxicity is the only way to maintain your health. Some Americans have overdosed on fluoride and have suffered. Here are some tips to prevent fluoride intoxication:

Breastfeed Infants

To help prevent fluorosis, the best practice is to breastfeed infants. Prepare formula milk using fluoride-free water to help protect babies from fluorosis.

Choose Toothpaste With Lower Fluoride Content

Since fluoride is usually found in toothpaste, using toothpaste with lower to no fluoride content is one way to help whiten and strengthen teeth.

Moreover, children aged 6 and under must not use mouthwash containing fluoride. Parents must supervise their children as they brush their teeth to ensure that they do not ingest the toothpaste.

Consult Your Doctor

Consulting your doctor before taking fluoride-based medicines can also lower your risk of intoxication.

You ask your doctor if alternative medicines that don’t contain fluoride or have a lower fluoride dose are also viable solutions.

What is fluoride?

Fluorine (₉F) is the 13th most abundant element in the Earth's crust. Proposed as an element in 1810, fluorine is an extremely reactive and highly toxic gas in its standard state. It is not found in the atmosphere, as it reacts easily with water vapor. Instead, it is most significantly found in the minerals fluorite, fluorapatite, and cryolite.

Fluoride refers to any compound that contains the element fluorine. For example, when a mineral containing fluorine is mixed with water, the hydrogen and fluorine atoms combine to yield hydrogen fluoride (HF) or hydrofluoric acid.

This is a precursor to most other fluorine compounds and is used to produce many pharmaceuticals and polymers. Remember that it is a general term when you hear “fluoride” regarding tap water.

The particular fluoride compound used for water fluoridation depends on the selection of local water authorities.

What is water fluoridation?

Water fluoridation is the controlled addition of a fluorine compound to a public water supply. The three most common compounds added to drinking water are:

Sodium fluoride (NaF)- A colorless, odorless crystalline solid or white powder. It is typically produced by reacting hydrofluoric acid with sodium carbonate. Sodium fluoride dissolves easily in water and is commonly used in fluoride toothpaste, rinses, and supplements. Other uses include pesticides, wood preservatives, solvents, corrosion inhibitors, and glass manufacturing. It is one of several compounds used for municipal water fluoridation. It is more expensive than other compounds but reportedly easier to handle in its crystalline form.
Fluorosilicic (Hydrofluorosilicic) acid (H₂SiF₆)- An inexpensive, colorless chemical byproduct of phosphate fertilizer manufacturing. When phosphoric rock is converted to soluble fertilizer, the process creates two toxic fluoride gases: hydrogen fluoride and silicon tetrafluoride. As hydrogen fluoride condenses, it is collected “...into storage tanks and shipped to water departments throughout the country.” Because pharmaceutical- and food-grade Fluorosilicic acid is prohibitively expensive, most water treatment facilities use industrial-grade Fluorosilicic acid, which often contains contaminants such as arsenic and lead.

Fluorosilicic acid is the most commonly used additive for water fluoridation in the United States. Unlike Sodium fluoride, “Hydrofluorosilicic acid is easily the most dangerous chemical at your local water treatment plant. It can release hydrogen fluoride when it evaporates, is corrosive, and can damage the lungs if breathed in, making it especially dangerous for plant employees if stored incorrectly.”
Sodium Fluorosilicate (Na₂SiF₆)- A fine, white, odorless powder neutralizing fluorosilicic acid with sodium chloride or sodium sulfate. It is the sodium salt of fluorosilicic acid. It is easier to transport than fluorosilicic acid. In addition to water fluoridation, sodium fluorosilicate is used in laundry and dishwashing products and as a rodenticide.

Does any compound of fluoride occur naturally in water?

Calcium fluoride- As mentioned above, naturally occurring minerals contain the element fluorine. When the composition of soils and bedrock causes these minerals to come into contact with water, fluoride occurs naturally in drinking water. Many cities worldwide do not fluoridate their water supplies because naturally occurring calcium fluoride in local water sources can interfere with fluoridation.

What do the ADA and CDC say about water fluoridation in the US?

The ADA and CDC have historically promoted the fluoridation of drinking water. However, this has become increasingly controversial as the results of many U.S. and European studies appear to challenge the validity of such recommendations. We suggest that readers familiarize themselves with such studies and decide on the issue of water fluoridation.

What are the current drinking water standards for fluoride?

The current EPA-enforceable maximum contaminant level (MCL) for fluoride in drinking water is 4.0 mg/L. The MCL is set as close as possible to the public health goal that the EPA deems achievable through optimal technology use, considering factors such as cost.

The current EPA non-enforceable secondary standard (SMCL) for fluoride is 2.0 mg/L. Secondary standards regulate contaminants that may cause cosmetic effects (such as skin or tooth discoloration) or aesthetic effects (such as taste, odor, or color of drinking water).

According to the EPA’s Secondary Drinking Water Standards: Guidance for Nuisance Chemicals:

While SMCLs are not federally enforceable, EPA requires a special notice for exceedance of the fluoride SMCL of 2.0 mg/L. Community water systems that exceed the fluoride SMCL of 2 mg/L, but do not exceed the MCL of 4.0 mg/L for fluoride, must provide public notice to persons served no later than 12 months from the day the water system learns of the exceedance (40 CFR 141.208).

What are the concerns and potential health risks associated with water fluoridation?

Water fluoridation in the US began in the 1940s and has been controversial since its inception. Competing viewpoints argue whether it is a public health achievement or an unnecessary, even dangerous, contaminant.

The US currently fluoridates more than 70% of its public water supplies, making it critical to understand the concerns outlined below.

INCREASED FLUORIDE EXPOSURE: MODERN DENTAL PRODUCTS, PREPARED FOOD AND BEVERAGES, AND OTHER SOURCES

According to a 2013 Congressional Research Service Report for Congress, concerns around the fluoridation of water stem in part from the increase in general fluoride exposure since the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) issued its original, recommended water fluoridation levels in 1962:

Because the use of fluoridated dental products and the consumption of food and beverages made with fluoridated water have increased since HHS recommended optimal levels for fluoridation, many people now may be exposed to more fluoride than had been anticipated.

Consequently, questions have emerged as to whether current water fluoridation practices and levels offer the most appropriate ways to provide the expected beneficial effects of fluoride while avoiding adverse effects (most commonly, tooth mottling or pitting—dental fluorosis) that may result from ingestion of too much fluoride when teeth are developing.

Beyond fluoridated tap water, consumers may be exposed to fluorine (the element in fluoride) through:

Dental products
Some agrichemicals
- Pesticides
- Herbicides
- Insecticides
Soil and groundwater contamination
Common foods and beverages (examples)

Tea
Seafood
Wine
Juice
Jellies
Raisins
Soups
Baby food
Soda

Bottled water (varies)
Pharmaceuticals
Consumer products made with perfluorinated compounds (PFCs)
PET scans
Fluoride released from the industry
Cigarette smoke

LACK OF CHOICE: DISREGARDING INDIVIDUAL CONSENT TO MEDICATION

Similar to concerns about the increase, and often unknown, the potential for widespread exposure to sources of fluoride is a concern around an individual’s ability to personally control the use of fluoride in treating tooth decay.

The International Academy of Oral Medicine and Toxicology (IAOMT) explains:

Fluoridation is a violation of the individual’s right to informed consent to medication. Within a community water supply, fluoride is being added to the water of everyone, even if some people do not want it and still others do not even know about the fluoride being added to the water or about its health risks.

Lack of Control for Susceptible Populations

While the EPA’s MCL for fluoride in drinking water is 4.0 mg/L, the amount consumed daily and its effects on the individual may vary. Water fluoridation uses a one-dose-fits-all model for treatment.

Susceptible populations with low body weights, such as infants and children, and individuals who consume increased amounts of water, such as athletes, military personnel, outdoor laborers, and those with diabetes or kidney dysfunction, can be more intensely affected by fluoride. Additionally, fluoride is also known to impact each individual differently based on allergies, nutrient deficiencies, genetic factors, and other variables.

HEALTH RISKS: FLUOROSIS AND THE POTENTIAL FOR FURTHER HARM

A widely recognized health concern associated with water fluoridation is dental fluorosis, the discoloration of tooth enamel, primarily in children. This typically occurs when a child ingests excessive fluoride from toothpaste, but it may also occur in areas with exceptionally high fluoride levels and potentially unregulated exposure. Skeletal fluorosis refers to the weakening of bones and has been observed in areas where naturally occurring levels of calcium fluoride are dangerously high.

According to WebMD:

Fluoride is safe for most people in the amounts added to public water supplies and used in toothpastes and mouthwashes, and applied by dentists. Low doses (up to 20mg per day of elemental fluoride) of supplemental fluoride taken by mouth appear to be safe for most people. Higher doses are UNSAFE and can weaken bones and ligaments, and cause muscle weakness and nervous system problems. High doses of fluoride in children before their permanent teeth come through the gums can cause tooth discoloration.

Beyond Fluorosis, Exposure to High Fluoride Levels is a Concern

The International Academy of Oral Medicine and Toxicology (IAOMT), a non-profit originally founded in 1984 to explore the use of mercury in dentistry, discovered that high levels of fluoride (fluoride toxicity) could impact far more than just bones:

Hundreds of research articles published over the past several decades have demonstrated potential harm to humans from fluoride at various levels of exposure, including levels currently deemed as safe. Fluoride is known to impact the cardiovascular, central nervous, digestive, endocrine, immune, integumentary, renal, respiratory, and skeletal systems, and exposure to fluoride has been linked to Alzheimer’s disease, cancer, diabetes, heart disease, infertility, and many other adverse health outcomes, including fluoride toxicity.

The literature supporting water fluoridation indicates that the recommended dose is acceptable. However, as discussed, the list of potential sources of fluoride exposure has grown dramatically over the last few decades, making it challenging to ensure that populations have not overdosed.

This begs the question: How much fluoride are US populations exposed to in total? Consider that rates of dental fluorosis among children are on the rise. According to a 2010 report by the CDC entitled, Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2004 and the 1986-1987 National Survey of Oral Health in U.S. School Children, “In 1986-1987, 22.6% of adolescents aged 12-15 had dental fluorosis, whereas in 1999-2004, 40.7% of adolescents aged 12-15 had dental fluorosis.”

EFFECTIVENESS QUESTIONED: WATER FLUORIDATION AS A MEANS TO TREAT TOOTH DECAY

Fluoride, which has an affinity for calcium, primarily works to reduce tooth decay when applied topically. In other words, scrubbing fluoride toothpaste directly onto teeth with a toothbrush is ideal.

Topical Rather than Ingested

According to an article critical of water fluoridation posted to the Scientific World Journal and cataloged by The National Center for Biotechnology Information:

The classification of fluoride as a pollutant rather than as a nutrient or medicine is a useful starting point for analyzing the adverse effect of fluoride. No fluoride deficiency disease has ever been documented for humans. Indeed, the basis for setting an "adequate intake" of fluoride rests on the alleged ability of ingested fluoride to prevent tooth decay. However, since it is now known that the effect of fluoride is topical, the notion of an “adequate daily intake” is flawed. One of the key concerns about water fluoridation is the inability to control an individual's dose of ingested fluoride which brings into question the concept of the “optimal dose.” Since the 1980s numerous studies have identified that adults and children are exceeding these agreed limits, contributing to a rapid rise in dental fluorosis—the first sign of fluoride toxicity.

THE ENVIRONMENT: PETS AND WILD ANIMALS ARE ALSO EXPOSED

Fluoride is difficult to remove from water once it has been added. Overall, water sources are becoming more fluoridated. According to the IAOMT, “Harmful effects of fluoride, including species vulnerability, have been reported in an array of wild animals. Even domestic pets have been subject to reports raising concerns about fluoride exposure, especially through water and food.”

THE MAJORITY: MOST DEVELOPED NATIONS DO NOT FLUORIDATE WATER

Most developed nations, including Japan and 97% of Western Europe, do not fluoridate their water. Comprehensive data from the World Health Organization reports no “discernible difference in tooth decay between the minority of western nations that fluoridate water and the majority that do not.”

How can I determine whether my public water system adds fluoride?

Contact your water utility to confirm whether your water is fluoridated. Your water utility supplier's name and contact information are on your water bill. The EPA requires all community water systems to provide customers with an annual water quality report that includes fluoride content.

If you own a private well, you can get information about fluoride at https://www.epa.gov/privatewells

How is fluoride different from water treatment chemicals?

More than 40 chemical additives can be used to treat drinking water. Fluoride is added solely to help prevent tooth decay. Other treatment chemicals, such as chlorine and chloramine, are added to disinfect, reduce turbidity, or prevent pipe corrosion. Unlike disinfectants, fluoride is far more difficult to remove from water, requiring specialized media (and large quantities) to be effective.

How can I reduce fluoride in my water?

As noted above, fluoride is difficult to remove once it has been added to water. There are only a few reliable methods for doing so: reverse osmosis, deionization, and filtration with appropriate media. The two primary media types are activated alumina and bone char. Activated alumina is the preferred media and de facto worldwide standard for fluoride filtration.

BONE CHAR

Heating cattle bones makes bone char to 600-900 degrees Fahrenheit. It ranges from black bone char, created at the lower end of the temperature range, to grey and white bone char, which occurs at the higher end. Black bone char is the most effective at reducing fluoride, while white bone char is virtually ineffective at removing fluoride. Water filtration products made with bone char are less costly than those made with activated alumina.

Berkey Systems does not utilize bone char for two very good reasons:

Performance- The efficiency of bone char at reducing fluoride drops precipitously at a certain gallon lifespan, depending on the quantity of media available. For a post-filter of our size, fluoride removal becomes negligible after less than 100 gallons.
BSE Concerns- More importantly, certain biological concerns are associated with using bone char due to Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) or Mad Cow Disease. BSE prions are not destroyed by temperatures in the 600-900 degree range, especially not at the lower end of that range.

ACTIVATED ALUMINA

The most logical choice for fluoride filtration is inert, non-soluble activated alumina, which neither loses efficiency nor poses a risk of BSE prion exposure. Additionally, because it is inert, it does not require antifungal agents.

“Activated alumina is manufactured from aluminum hydroxide by de-hydroxylating it in a way that produces a highly porous material; this material can have a surface area significantly over 200 m²/g. The compound is used as a desiccant (to keep things dry by absorbing water from the air) and as a filter of fluoride, arsenic and selenium in drinking water. It is made of aluminum oxide (alumina; Al2O3)…It has a very high surface-area-to-weight ratio, due to the many “tunnel like pores that it has.”

Pure Aluminum and Activated Alumina are Very Different

As a consumer, it is important to know that pure aluminum and activated alumina have vastly different characteristics. Pure aluminum is water-soluble, highly reactive, and is associated with negative health effects. By contrast, activated alumina is not water-soluble, very stable (inert), and not associated with negative health effects.

Activated alumina is an inert compound of aluminum and oxygen. It is a naturally-occurring inorganic, non-toxic compound known as corundum. Rubies and sapphires are examples of gem-quality corundum. Activated alumina is no more toxic or water-soluble than rubies and sapphires.

What about carbon-based filter elements?

Carbon-based filter elements look similar to (though do not necessarily perform like) Black Berkey Elements. It is critical to understand that while most carbon-based filters initially reduce fluoride, their effectiveness typically declines sharply, usually within the first 50 gallons or less. A separate fluoride-reduction filter is required to ensure sustained fluoride reduction. This provides the proper amount of media (activated alumina) and contact time for effective long-term fluoride reduction.

CARBONIZED BONE CHAR AND CLAIMS OF FLUORIDE REDUCTION

Some carbon-based filters on the market use carbonized bone char and claim high levels of fluoride reduction but do not disclose the percentage decline in fluoride-reduction performance over time. Our team had an independent laboratory evaluate one carbon-based element, and it reduced fluoride by only 20.8% at 50 gallons and 14.3% at 100 gallons. By contrast, the Berkey PF-2™ Fluoride and Arsenic Reduction Elements continued reduction at greater than 97% (see table below). Be cautious, and read on to understand how to evaluate fluoride reduction claims.

BLACK BERKEY ELEMENTS AND BERKEY PF-2 FLUORIDE AND ARSONIC ELEMENTS

To create an effective, durable solution for fluoride reduction, New Millennium Concepts, Ltd. developed the Berkey PF-2™ Fluoride and Arsenic Reduction Elements. These “post-filters” are used in conjunction with Black Berkey Elements and offer:

Activated alumina- A media specifically suited for fluoride reduction
Proper contact time- Having a dedicated element allows for the proper amount of media and proper contact time
Easy replacement—Because they are separate, Berkey PF-2™ Fluoride and Arsenic Reduction Elements may be swapped out as needed to ensure proper performance.

Under normal contamination conditions, the Berkey PF-2™ Fluoride and Arsenic Reduction Elements media are estimated to reduce fluoride by up to 1,000 gallons.

How do you evaluate the effectiveness of a potential fluoride filter?

Evaluate your options for a fluoride filter by asking the following:

What media is used for fluoride reduction?
Are you comfortable with that media?
Are there sufficient amounts of this media present to effectively reduce fluoride?
What is the life expectancy of the filter element for fluoride?
Does independent lab testing demonstrate a percent reduction over time/gallons?

What is the percent reduction at 10 gallons? 100 gallons?
What is the end-of-life or maximum gallons for your desired reduction rate?

When should the filter element be changed?

ALSO, CONSIDER YOUR WATER SOURCE

Be aware that certain contaminants, such as high silica content or arsenic, can reduce the effectiveness of activated alumina media.

Invest In The Water Filter In Your Home

Most importantly, since water contains fluoride and is the most consumed beverage, it’s imperative to use a water filter.

Berkey Water Filter

The Berkey water filter with PF-2 Fluoride Reduction Filters is an effective method for eliminating fluoride from water. The Berkey filter is the most effective way to remove fluoride because it filters contaminants and conserves essential minerals naturally in water.

Berkey water filters are convenient and easy to use. They ensure that you and your loved ones are safe from contaminants found in drinking water.

Black Berkey® Elements dramatically reduce trihalomethanes, inorganic minerals, heavy metals, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, VOCs, petroleum products, perfluorinated chemicals, rust, silt, sediment, radiological, and more.

Crown Berkey 6 Gallons Water Filter System

The Crown Berkey 6-gallon Water Filter System is a must-have for the whole family. It includes two standard Black Berkey Filtration Elements; however, depending on the family's needs, you can upgrade to four, six, or eight water filters at any time.

Indeed, this product is ideal for larger groups. It can also be used in homes, churches, workplaces, and hospitals; amazingly, anyone can use it during outdoor activities.

Crown Berkey is an innovative solution during emergencies. When a calamity and a clean water source are challenging, the Crown Berkey can be an effective solution for producing safe drinking water for the family.

Features and specifications:

The Crown Berkey is made of highly polished AISI 304 stainless steel. Its storage capacity is 6 gallons (22.7 liters), making it the largest in our product line.

When you buy this product, you will have an upper and lower chamber system. It also includes 2 Black Berkey Filtration Elements, 2 Fluoride Removal Filters, one spigot, one stainless steel lid, two washers, two wingnuts, one priming button, six blocking plugs, and one rubber gasket, which are intended to protect the base.

The height of the Crown Berkey is 31", and its diameter is 11".

It can serve approximately 6 to 12 people per day for routine use. However, once fully configured, it can be used in emergencies. As such, it can serve around 300 to 625 people.

Meanwhile, the product can filter approximately 6.5 gallons (24.6 liters) of water using 2 Black Berkey Filtration Elements. Using eight pieces, you can purify up to 26 gallons or 98.4 liters of water.

Imperial Berkey 4.5 Gallons Water Filter

Another awesome product is the Imperial Berkey Water Filter. Unlike the Crown Berkey, this one is smaller and suitable for mid-size families.

However, like all Berkey products, the Imperial Berkey can also be used in emergencies and for outdoor activities. You don't need to worry about contaminated water as long as you have the Imperial Berkey wherever you go.

It includes a standard set of 2 Black Berkey Filtration Elements, but can be upgraded to 4 or 6. This is surely a versatile, efficient, and quality product.

Know more about its specifications and features below:

The Imperial Berkey is made of AISI stainless steel, which is highly polished. Compared with the Crown Berkey, this one is only 17" tall. Meanwhile, it has a storage capacity of 4.6 gallons (17 liters) of water.

This product includes a complete upper and lower stainless steel chamber package, the Berkey Filtration Elements, one stainless steel lid, two fluoride removal filters, two wingnuts, two washers, one priming button, one spigot, and one rubber gasket to protect the base.

It can serve a family of 4 to 6 members when used daily. When fully configured, it can provide clean water to approximately 200 to 400 people during emergencies.

Go Berkey Kit

You can choose the Go Berkey Kit Portable Water Filtration System as a travel water filtration solution. This one is good for camping, school activities, hiking, and outdoor adventures. You can take it anywhere you go, as it is lightweight.

Additionally, the product includes the generic Sports Berkey portable water filter bottle, ideal for your adventurous side.

This product is constructed with AISI 304 stainless steel. This type of stainless steel has higher corrosion resistance than regular steel.

With the Go Berkey Kit, you are assured that you can have clean drinking water anywhere you go. This has been scientifically demonstrated to remove 99.9% of fluoride.

Sport Berkey Water Bottle

The Sport Berkey Water Bottle stands out among portable water filters due to its effective results. You can bring it to school, work, or anywhere else.

This product can be used daily and is expected to last up to 50 years. Indeed, it is very convenient and economical.

Check out more of its features and specifications below:

The Sport Berkey has a filter integrated into the bottle. This product gives one immediate access to 22 ounces of clean water daily. You can use it for an extended period or after 640 water refills.