Honestly, we hardly even know the water we're drinking.
We just turn on the faucet, swallow it down the throat, or grab a glass of water from a filtered fountain, and we're good to go.
What you don't realize, though, is that not all water is created equal.
Where it is made, how it is made, and even what minerals it contains can vary.
How so? Well, it affects the way that it will taste, the way that it will be in your body, and the way that it will affect your overall health.
And then there are numerous choices these days, such as tap, filtered, mineral, alkaline, sparkling, and distilled, that make it extremely difficult to choose the best option for your needs.
In this article, we’ll explore the different types of water available today. Each comes with unique benefits, potential drawbacks, and ideal uses.
By the end, you’ll have a clearer idea of which kind of water makes the most sense for you. It's not just for hydration, but also for your overall health and daily well-being.
Why Water Choice Matters
Water is the most accessible drink. We often take it for granted, as it's always there.
Every cell in the body depends on it. Water varies from warming us up to lubricating our joints, allowing them to move freely, and it is a part of almost every function that enables us to survive.
You may not even realize it when dehydration has already occurred. Some of the signs that you are dehydrated include feeling fatigued, experiencing headaches, and having slow digestion.
However, the truth is that even the taste of drinking water varies.
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Tap Water |
Cheap, accessible, but may contain chlorine/lead traces |
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Filtered Water |
Removes impurities, improves taste and safety |
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Mineral Water |
Rich in natural minerals like calcium & magnesium |
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Distilled Water |
Pure, no minerals, can taste flat |
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Alkaline Water |
Higher pH, marketed for neutralizing acidity |
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Sparkling Water |
Carbonated, fizzy alternative to soda |
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Spring Water |
Natural source, fresh taste, minimally processed |
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Purified Water |
Heavily treated (e.g., reverse osmosis), very clean |
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Specialty Waters |
Fortified or flavored (electrolytes, vitamins, etc.) |
Natural filtration through rocks, pipes, or filters might change its mineral composition, taste, and even safety.
Calcium and magnesium, for example, are found in some sources and were once used to form bones and muscles, while purified reverse osmosis water has a pure taste but robs the body of trace minerals.
It has to be treated as well.
The Environmental Protection Agency regulates tap water in community water systems, but it may contain trace levels of chlorine or other chemicals that seep from lead pipes.
The production of bottled water is relatively simple; however, it also has plastic contamination, and its long-term environmental impacts are contentious.
Even lifestyle determines what is in your glass.
Athletes in sports may be looking for a beverage to replenish electrolytes, while others try to eliminate sugar and replace it with fizzy water as an acceptable alternative to soda.
It's all of those reasons that "just water" never quite is that easy.
With the numerous types of water available nowadays, it is a good idea to be well-informed about the differences in quality, safety, and health value between each type of water.
Educating yourself about the choices available, you can make an informed decision about the type of water that is most suitable for your needs, in line with your values and lifestyle.
Tap Water
Tap water is the standard choice for most homes.
It comes directly from a municipally operated system and is regulated to be safe.
In the US, it's under the control of the Environmental Protection Agency, which sets limits on contaminants to ensure it's typically safe to drink.
Since it's piped directly through faucets, it's also the most affordable and convenient type of plain water.
Nonetheless, tap water is not without issues. In fact, there are numerous complaints about them.
Where you live, it may contain added chlorine for disinfection or dissolved trace minerals absorbed by old pipes. Areas served by old districts with lead pipes, for example, can be dangerous if the corrosion control measures have not been recently upgraded.
Microplastics have even been found in the supply of some cities. This can be a cause of concern about long-term exposure.
The flavor even becomes significantly different depending on the source of the water. This is exactly why some people resort to filtered water or bottled water for a cleaner taste.
Tap water, naturally, is an everyday staple for millions. Well, it's not really surprising because it's super handy and dependable if the local plant is well-maintained.
Home-cooking families, coffee makers, or individuals who merely want to pour a fast glass. It's for everyone! It's also very easy to use.
Again, the only concern here is its maintenance. But if your local tap water is well-tested, you have nothing to worry about. Not unless you don't like the taste. That's an entirely different story.
Filtered Water
Filtered water takes things a step further. Yes, a bit further.
Instead of drinking straight from the tap, this type of water passes through an additional layer of purification.
That could be as simple as a pitcher filter in the fridge, an under-sink setup, or a more advanced countertop unit.
The goal is to improve taste (yup, this is helpful if you don't like the taste of tap water), reduce contaminants, and give peace of mind about what you’re actually consuming.
I mean, this works, too, if you don't really trust your local tap water.
One of the most obvious advantages of filtered water is that it can remove substances individuals are concerned about, such as chlorine, sediment, or trace heavy metals.
Other people will also believe that the taste will be cleaner, and thus, drinking water will be less difficult than drinking carbonated drinks or soda.
Well, obviously, it's filter-based, and the replacement filters are going to cost an astronomically large amount in the long run.
It is here that Berkeys and these products begin to overlap with the search for clean water at home.
Berkey filters aren't just light, but they're also very effective. It filters out the most prevalent contaminants while still retaining necessary minerals.
It's a good long-term option. You don't have to use bottled water products strictly. That's just too pricey.
Filtered water is a middle ground between taste, convenience, and safety.
Mineral Water
Mineral water is the global leader in the bottled water category.
Mineral water originates from a natural underground source, where water naturally flows through rock and accumulates electrolytes such as calcium, magnesium, and potassium along the way.
Mineral water is also popular due to its distinctive flavor.
It's fun to drink for many people simply because of that.
To top it all off, the minerals themselves aren't a health hazard. As long as it's all in moderation.
Calcium for bone strength, magnesium for muscle function, and potassium for balance within cells.
Clinical nutrition studies have noted that these trace elements, even in the same amount you’d get from food, can add up over time.
Mineral water, naturally, has a catch. The trade-off is primarily about enjoying great taste and potential health benefits, but it comes at a cost.
Mineral water will find its place among consumers who prefer its own flavor and would rather have a natural source of electrolytes than consume carbonated beverages or flavored waters.
Distilled Water
Distilled water is among the cleanest drinking waters, but it is also among the tasteless waters.
Distilled water is prepared by boiling the water to produce steam. Then the steam is led to condense into liquid again, a process that removes minerals, impurities, and other substances from the water.
Distilled water is therefore extremely clean, with virtually no dissolved solid content.
The greatest thing about distilled water is that it is pure.
There are applications, such as in hospitals, for equipment that requires mineral-free water.
It leaves a clean, chlorine-free, lead-free, and impurity-free drinking water.
Although, just like always, there are compromises.
Distilled water is very bland because it lacks minerals that give other water a natural taste.
Drinking distilled water alone is not healthy in the long term because it has been shown to disrupt the body's electrolyte functions, particularly among athletes or those with higher hydration needs.
It's okay in small quantities, but using it as the sole water source daily isn't ideal. Just drink some from time to time.
Lastly, distilled water is primarily used for periodic use, special diets, or non-consumption purposes, such as recharging irons, humidifiers, or medical devices.
The point is, it's not really for daily consumption.
Alkaline Water
Alkaline water has acquired a loyal following over the last few years. To name a few, people claim that it gives them energy, balances their acid levels, and even helps with weight loss.
Alkaline water really possesses no more than a higher pH level than normal tap water.
It makes sense. This water passes through underground rock formations that deposit minerals along the way; however, devices or additives can also be used to add alkalinity.
It is claimed by some that it tastes nicer than regular water. So, it is a more pleasurable thing to drink in large quantities.
It may also contain minute traces of minerals, such as calcium and magnesium, which contribute to its widespread popularity.
But take it with a grain of salt. There is some mixed scientific evidence on this topic.
Some alimentary pharmacology studies demonstrate benefit in acid reflux, but other studies demonstrate minor benefits. And that's compared to other types of water.
For most normal individuals, the body already regulates its own pH balance via the lungs and kidneys.
The health benefits of alkaline water may not be as newsworthy as marketing suggests. I mean, our own bodies can do it on their own.
Another drawback is cost. Bottled or machine-manufactured alkaline water is significantly more expensive than filtered water or even tap water.
Additionally, we must consider the environmental aspect. Bottled water every day isn't exactly so eco-friendly.
Sparkling Water
Carbonated water, also known as sparkling water, is a go-to option for those who want something sweeter than water but not as sweet as soft drinks. Or something of that sort.
It is produced by carbonation of water under pressure, thereby producing those little bubbles you see.
There are several carbonated waters, including club soda, tonic water, and seltzer water.
Each with its unique character and purpose.
The effervescent mineral water is special in that its natural carbonation and minerals are derived directly from an underground source.
One of the most outstanding strengths of sparkling water is that it is a flavorful delight with no sugar or calorie consumption, unlike soda.
For those trying to cut down on sweet drinks, fizzy water is the ideal replacement, fulfilling the need for carbonation.
So, what's the catch? As it is carbonated, it is acidic and can create cavities if consumed excessively.
Some people also become gassy or experience digestive problems from the carbon, making it less enjoyable to consume large amounts. Again, moderation is key.
Even with all these issues, sparkling water remains a healthier option, particularly compared to soda or other carbonated, calorie-sweetened drinks. That's what matters.
Spring Water
Spring water is the most traditional and reliable form of drinking water.
Spring water comes from an underground source where water seeps naturally to the top, typically through an underground rock and soil structure.
Spring water is generally filtered through layers of earth on its way out.
So, in turn, we get a fresh and clean taste.
One of the strongest draws of spring water is its distinctive taste.
Because it's full of minerals absorbed from the rocks it passes through, it's fresh and crisp-tasting in a way that ordinary water all too often is not. It's really just the main difference.
Another benefit is that the naturally occurring minerals, although present in very small amounts, can still contribute to daily nutritional needs.
Despite that, there are, of course, negatives.
Bottled water production is ecologically unsafe due to the production of bottles, shipping, and discarding.
Although spring water can be considered natural, it is typically packaged, which adds to the environmental cost.
Cost is also a factor. Compared to tap water or filtered water at home, spring water is more expensive in the long run.
Spring water is perfect for those who like the natural origin, don't care about taste, and want a drink that is more natural.
However, choose one that is responsibly bottled or has recyclable packaging. What water we drink is definitely our choice. But let's make it a greener choice, shall we?
Purified Water
Purified water is among the best-selling bottled waters in the world today.
Unlike spring water, purified water undergoes specific processes designed to remove contaminants.
The process can be reverse osmosis, distillation, or deionization. These are all good choices for minimizing contaminants. And, in turn, it gives you safe drinking water.
The benefits of filtered water begin with reliability.
Regardless of its source, treatment brings the water to a very high level of cleanliness.
That makes it desirable to homeowners where the purity of tap water is questionable.
It's also highly universally accessible, so you can get it bottled practically anywhere, ranging from convenience stores to health clubs.
Of course, we also need to discuss its drawbacks.
The same technology that removes impurities also removes minerals that add taste and health benefits.
That is not a health problem, but it does render the water taste neutral as opposed to mineral water or spring water.
Another issue is plastic packaging.
Purified water is typically packaged in disposable containers, similar to other brands of bottled water, which contributes to sustainability issues.
Purified water is ideal for those who prioritize safety above all else, particularly when tap water is not guaranteed.
Specialty Waters
Aside from popular brands, specialty waters have also gained popularity due to their marketing, lifestyle, and special needs applications.
Glacial water is an example. Marketed as ultra-pure and made of ice ages, it has that luxury factor.
True, it does guarantee clean quality. However, consider this: there is a very limited supply, and the environmental impact of harvesting and shipping water like this is a significant concern.
Flavored and vitamin waters are also on the list.
These drinks consist of water blended with added flavorings, electrolytes, or vitamins.
They make for a pleasant change from plain water, but one should look at the label.
They contain either sugar or artificial sweeteners, which places them very close to soft drinks rather than to healthy beverages.
Electrolyte water is designed for athletes or individuals who experience excessive fluid loss through sweating.
Specialty waters are worth it if they serve your health needs or lifestyle.
But for most of us, they're not. Often, the hype exceeds the product's offerings.
If all you want to do is hydrate daily, other forms of water, such as filtered, spring, or mineral water, will provide this benefit without additional cost or calories.
The Right Water for You Is...?
Since there are many types of water to choose from, what works best is based on your specific needs, desires, and lifestyle.
Taste is the primary consideration for most people.
Some prefer the fresh taste of spring water, while others opt for the bland taste of purified water.
Health issues are also discussed. Of course, we also need to discuss them.
Cost is also a factor. Tap water remains the most affordable option, especially if it has been tested for safety and approved by the Environmental Protection Agency.
Filtered water is a solid choice in terms of safety and cost, while bottled forms, such as mineral water or sparkling mineral water, provide diversity but at a premium price.
Home water filtering machines are favored among households because they save money in the long term but provide a constant supply of clean water.
Sparkling water or other carbonated drinks are good choices for special events and a better option than soda.
Specialty waters are useful in certain circumstances, but not for every person.
Take your pick. Ultimately, hydration is crucial. It's just a matter of knowing what truly works for you and your needs.